What is the primary function of biofilters in wastewater treatment?

The primary function of biofilters in wastewater treatment is to remove organic and inorganic pollutants. Biofilters operate by utilizing biological processes, where microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and other microbes thrive on a medium that allows for efficient contact with the wastewater. These organisms actively break down contaminants, thereby transforming harmful substances into less harmful or non-toxic compounds.

Organic pollutants, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, are metabolized by these microorganisms, while inorganic pollutants can be assimilated or absorbed through biological mechanisms. This biological treatment is crucial in reducing the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the wastewater, which are key indicators of organic pollutant levels.

While chemical treatments, physical filtration, and temperature control are important aspects of wastewater management, they do not encapsulate the unique biological function that biofilters serve. Biofiltration specifically emphasizes the natural degradation process facilitated by living organisms, making it essential for maintaining water quality and meeting regulatory standards in effluent discharge.